• DOI: 10.31509/2658-607x-202582-165
  • УДК 582.931:504.064.3

FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY OF LEAF BLADES OF WOODY PLANTS  IN INDUSTRIAL LANDFILLS OF DONBASS

                    D. A. Dostovalova1*, A. Z. Glukhov1, N. S. Podgorodetsky2

               1FGBNU Donetsk Botanical Garden,

110 Ilyich Ave., Donetsk, 283023, DPR, Russia

 2Donbass National Academy of Construction and Architecture,

2 Derzhavina str., Makeyevka, 286123 DPR, Russia 

*E-mail: dasha.dostovalova1997@mail.ru

 Received: 13.01.2025

Revised: 17.02.2025

Accepted: 25.03.2025

The paper evaluates the fluctuating asymmetry of leaf blades of some of the most common woody plants in the landscaped and self-overgrown landfills of Donbass. The following rock dumps of the mines of the Donetsk-Makeyevka urban agglomeration were selected as models: the greened dump of the former mine (sh.) 6/14 (Chervonogvardeysky district, Makeyevka), the greened dump of sh. 5/6 named after Dimitrova (Kalininsky district, Donetsk), the landscaped Zaperevalnaya dump (Budennovsky district, Donetsk) and the self-overgrown dump 9 Kapitalnaya (Proletarian district, Donetsk). Samples of plant material were taken in several stages in June, July and August 2024 within a certain site (about 25 m2), from a height of 1.5-2 m in 10-fold repetition in accordance with the established methodology at the landfills and within their sanitary protection zone (SPZ). The studied tree species are Acer negundo, Acer platanoides, Juglans regia and Robinia pseudoacacia. The number of samples for each species was 10 leaves from 1 tree on the dump and 10 leaves from 1 tree within the SPZ. Biomonitoring of plantings by area and fluctuating asymmetry of leaf blades of woody plants was carried out according to the method of V. M. Zakharov et al. A total of 320 leaves collected at landfills and within the SPZ were measured. The authors used a leaf measurement system for plants with bilaterally symmetrical leaves. The condition of Robinia pseudoacacia in the landfills is assessed as a significant deviation from the norm, and quite favorable conditions for growth are observed within the sanitary protection zone. Acer negundo, Acer platanoides and Juglans regia are in critically depressed condition both at the landfills and in the sanitary protection zone. The method of fluctuating asymmetry can be used to assess the quality of the environment and its suitability for vegetation growth. According to the results of research on mine rock dumps, the most optimal conditions for growth are for Robinia pseudoacacia. Nevertheless, the condition of woody plants indicates a critical load on the environment in the area of rock dumps, which has a negative impact on all living organisms.

Keywords: mining rock dump, development stability, Acer negundo, Acer platanoides, Juglans regia, Robinia pseudoacacia

REFERENCES

Azarenkov L. S., Astratova G. V., Silin Ya. P., Akybaeva G. S., Aleshin D. V., …, & Yakovlev G. I., Zhilishchno-kommunal’noe hozyajstvo i kachestvo zhizni v XXI veke: ekonomicheskie modeli, novye tekhnologii i praktiki upravleniya: kollektivnaya monografiya (Housing and communal services and quality of life in the XII century: economic models, new technologies and management practices: collective monograph), E. B. Dvoryadkina (ed.), Moscow-Ekaterinburg: «Naukovedenie», 2017, 600 p.

Glukhov A. Z., Stirts Yu. A., Demkovich A. E., Zhukov S. P., Ocenka proyavleniya fluktuiruyushchej asimmetrii bilateral’nyh priznakov listovoj plastinki Aser pseudoplatanus L. v usloviyah pridorozhnyh ekosistem promyshlennogo goroda (na primere g. Donecka) (Assessment of the manifestation of fluctuating asymmetry of the bilateral signs of the leaf blade of the white L. Acer in the conditions of roadside ecosystems of an industrial city (on the example of Donetsk)), Promyshlennaya botanika, 2011, No 11, pp. 90–96.

Kachestvo zhizni v XXI veke: tendencii, problemy, perspektivy: kollektivnaya monografiya (Quality of life in the 21st century: trends, problems, prospects: a collective monograph) / G. V. Astratova (ed.), Surgut, 2014a, 412 p.

Kachestvo zhizni v XXI veke: aktual’nye problemy i perspektivy (Quality of life in the XXI century: relevant tasks and prospects) / G. V. Astratova (ed.), Yekaterinburg: Publishing House of the State Corporation «Development Strategy», 2014b, 542 p.

Kuhar I., Avdeeva E., Research and Analysis of the State and Development of Woody Plants in The Squares of the City of Krasnoyarsk, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, Vol. 1079, No 5, Article 052003.

Saltan N., Svyatkovskaya E., Trostenyuk N., Fluctuating Asymmetry of Leaves of Betula pubescens Ehrh. for Assessment of Pollution of the Urban Environment of the Kola North, KnE Life Sciences, 2020, рр. 37–43.

Shadrina E., Soldatova V., Turmukhametova N., Fluctuating Asymmetry as a Measure of Stress in Natural Populations of Woody Plants: Influence of Ecological and Geographical Factors on Developmental Stability, Symmetry, 2023, Vol. 15, No 3, Article 700, DOI: 10.3390/sym15030700

Turmukhametova N., Shadrina E., Changes in the fluctuating asymmetry of leaves and the reproductive capacity of birch hanging Mouth reflect the pessimization of an anthropogenically transformed environment, Symmetry, 2020, No 12, Article 1970, DOI: 10.3390/sym12121970 

Zakharov V. M., Baranov A. S., Borisov V. I., Valetsky A. V., Kryazheva N. G., Chistyakova E. K., Chubinishvili A. T., Zdorov’e sredy: metodika ocenki (Environmental health: assessment methodology), Moscow: Center for Environmental Policy of Russia, 2000, 68 p.

Zalesov S. V., Azbaev B. O., Belov L. A., Suandikov Zh. O., Zalesova E. S., Opletaev A. S., Ispol’zovanie pokazatelej fluktuiruyushchej asimmetrii berezy povisloj dlya ocenki ee sostoyaniya (Using an automated measurement system. The main thing for him is the state), Modern problems of science and education, 2014, No 5, pp. 742–742.